Closure technologies / Wastes and waste facilities.Closure objectives for wastes and waste facilities.Chemical analysis of process water from concentration tests.Field scale investigation and lysimeters.Solubility of harmful substances, leaching methods.NP calculated based on carbonate content (“carbonate NP”).Determination of the acid neutralization capacity (ANC).Acid addition on the basis of the carbonate content.Legislation regarding characterisation of mining waste.Design, construction, instrumentation, and monitoring of pilot scale waste rock cover systems.Subaqueous Disposal of Tailings in a Waste Facility- Stekenjokk Mine Site Case Study.ARD control using waste rock layering – Samatosum mine site, British Columbia, Canada.Lysimeter study of explosives originated nitrogen and in situ sulphide oxidation.Case studies / Wastes and waste facilities.Water treatment Research and Development.Biologic sulphate reduction in mine shaft lakes.Reducing and alkalinity producing systems (RAPS/SAPS).Treatment/disposal of water treatment residues.Wellington-Oro mine water treatment plant.Use of H and O stable isotopes in recognition of preferable groundwater flow paths in bedrock fracture zones.Monitoring of mining impact on natural waters using isotopic tracers (S, U, and Sr) – a pilot study from Talvivaara, northeastern Finland.Geophysical methods in bedrock groundwater studies.Water management Research and Development.Hydrological and hydrogeological research.Closure technologies / Water management.Closure objectives for water management.Britannia Mine, British Columbia Canada.Management of soil contamination at mine areas.
Concepts and definitions of mine closure.Statutory requirements for mine closure in Finland.Keeping the Closure Management Plan up to date.Environmental risk assessment as a tool for mine closure planning.Post closure land uses guide closure planning.Defining closure objectives to minimize risks and maximize benefits.Identifying and working with external stakeholders.Engaging stakeholders in the mine closure process.Post closure monitoring and maintenance.Mine closure consists of decommissioning and mine site reclamation.
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